Bys-sáma

DATE 2006-2016
GENERAL RULES Simplified relative of Xema
Two vowels can't follow each other (sénsa tha alén becomes sénsa th'alén)
RELATED Xema
Rac,mamoqei

While Xema was spoken for a long time among the Elvish upperclass, it was not suited for simple everyday use. Bys-sáma ("New Xema") developed from informal Xema and ultimately became the most widely-spoken language throughout the Tippan Empire.

Bys-sáma brought with it a sound shift that gave the language a rougher sound in comparison to its softer predecessor.

XEMA BYS-SÁMA
LETTER SOUND LETTER SOUND
x z ś ʃ
th θ t t
p p b b
h h ģ x
u ú
o
e á
i e
é
ii é

Pronouns

  • Bys-sáma loses Xema's overly complicated pronoun system but retains some aspects.
  • Bys-sáma also loses all cases except for object di- (combining accusative and dative), genitive ti-, and instrumental ni-.
subject I you they it we
basic/
topic of discussion
*
alyn ǵal dún sat mén
casual ale ǵon de se me
superior alant ǵant dúnt sant mént
many alene ǵene dene sene mene

Verbs

  • Infinitive have no specific suffix and tense is simply added to the infinitive.
  • Don't conjugate according to person (eg. xalthasu salwin, "I am"; xalthasu sidurn, "they are").
  • A negative is indicated by a ko- prefix, retained from Xema.

AFFIX TENSE EXAMPLE
-su present śaltsu alyn, "I am"
-śe near future śaltśe alyn, "I will be soon"
-tú distant future śaltú alyn, "I will be one day"
-né near past śaltné alyn, "I was recently"
-to distant past śalto alyn, "I was long ago"
-be present conditional śaltbe alyn, "I would be"
-nab past conditional śaltnab alyn, "I would have been"
-ma present progressive śaltma alyn, "I am being"
-tema future progressive śaltema alyn, "I will be being"
-nama past progressive śaltnama, "I was being"
none imperative śalt, "be!"

Examples

  • English: Did they see us?
    Bys-sáma: ham nakéné dún dimén
    Transliteration: question see.past they(BASIC) accusative.us(BASIC)

  • English: We made it for you (superior).
    Bys-sáma: kúnané disat má ǵant mén
    Transliteration: make.past accusative.it(TOPIC) for you(SUPERIOR) we(BASIC)
English:
My candle burns at both ends;
It will not last the night;
But ah, my foes, and oh, my friends--
It gives a lovely light!
XEMA BYS-SÁMA
matiinansu kidiibiino dis sisiinsa thalwon
konosonxe kisune sisath
nadiindona thalwon, nadiinkarna thalwon, keme
saninansu tidasani akos sisath
madimsu ká débém dés sénsa talyn
konosośe ká súm sat
détona talyn, déǵana talyn, keme
saninasu ditasan akos sat
Transliteration:
1st line: burn.present locative.couple.end(N) both nominative.candle genitive.I
2nd line: negative.last(V).near-future locative.night nominative.it(TOPIC)
3rd line: vocative.many.enemy genitive.I, vocative.many.friend genitive.I, despite-this
4th line: give.present accusative.light lovely nominative.it(TOPIC)
Transliteration:
1st line: burn.present at multiple.end(N) both candle genitive.I
2nd line: negative.last(V).near-future at night it(TOPIC)
3rd line: multiple.enemy genitive.I, multiple.friend genitive.I, despite-this
4th line: give.present accusative.light lovely it(TOPIC)

Writing system



Writing examples


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